Review of Human Trafficking in Pakistan: Exploring Causes, Challenges, and Strategies for Eradication

Abstract

Human trafficking in Pakistan is a serious issue that involves the exploitation of men, women, and children for various purposes, including forced labor, sexual exploitation, and domestic servitude. Factors such as poverty, illiteracy, lack of employment opportunities, and weak law enforcement contribute to its persistence. Victims are often trafficked within the country, although some are transported abroad, particularly to the Middle East. Pakistan also faces challenges related to bonded labor, a practice where individuals are forced to work to repay debts, often under inhumane conditions. Despite government efforts to combat trafficking, including the enactment of anti-trafficking laws and national action plans, enforcement remains weak due to corruption and limited resources. International organizations and NGOs are actively working to raise awareness, support victims, and strengthen local capacities to address the issue. However, significant challenges remain in eradicating human trafficking and protecting vulnerable populations in Pakistan.