Code-Switching in Teaching and Learning English at Higher Secondary Schools: A Case Study of Tehsil Faisalabad City

Abstract

Code switching (CS) is an inevitable natural phenomenon of bilingual classrooms of Pakistan. The study aims at analyzing the context, reasons and effects of code switching on teaching and learning, English at higher secondary schools of Faisalabad.  This study was conducted at higher secondary schools (boys) of Tehsil Faisalabad City. There are total 24 higher secondary schools (boys) in District Faisalabad. Out of these 24 schools, 11 schools were in Tehsil Faisalabad City. Three higher secondary schools were selected through random sampling technique. The sampling frame was made by taking the list of teachers and students from the selected schools. There were 19 English teachers and 366 students in these schools. All the teachers were taken as respondents, whereas, the sample size for students was calculated 188 through online available software www.suveysystem.com with confidence level 95% and confidence interval 5%. Proportionate sampling technique was used to select the respondents. For collecting data, a well-structured questionnaire was developed. The collected data was analyzed through SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). For interpretation and discussion of results, the collected data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics, i-e, percentages, means and standard deviation. The results revealed that teaching and learning process is facilitated by the use of CS in classroom. It should be used to make teaching and learning easy.  Moreover, it should be used to involve the students in classroom activities. Seminars and trainings should be arranged for the better use of CS.