Importance of Institutional Characteristics in Fostering Student Satisfaction in Higher Education in Pakistan

Abstract

The higher education sector has become more student-oriented and is striving to meet the expectations and needs of students. This research is designed to measure the present status of student satisfaction in the universities of Pakistan and to determine the differences based on institutional characteristics and student satisfaction. A total of 1335 undergraduates enrolled in three public-sector general universities responded to the questionnaire survey. Students were satisfied with the support of teachers in learning and peer relationships. An average degree of satisfaction was noted concerning food, transport, safety, administration support, library services, and selection of elective courses, orientation, and availability of hostel and classroom facilities. Students showed dissatisfaction with psychological and career support, the organization of extra-curricular activities, financial support, and the university's overall facilities. Results revealed the effects of institutional characteristics, including different universities, faculties/ departments, year in university, and current residence of students on student satisfaction. Policymakers should improve the various aspects of the university environment, including administrative policies, practices, physical facilities, teaching quality, food, transportation, safety, library services, orientation, elective courses, hostel and classroom facilities, psychological and career counseling, financial support and peer relationships, which leads to improving the degree of student satisfaction.